A story in the Washington Post points to the fact that many university students take courses from community colleges during the summer. At one point in the summer of 2010, according to journalist Daniel de Vise, Tidewater Community College in Virginia had 2,150 four-year college students (up 14% from the previous summer) and Montgomery College had 3,100 four-year college students, which added up to "about one-quarter of its summer enrollment" (de Vise, 2010, p
) 2001). Newer archaeological studies have shown, however, that the Bronze Age was really only applicable for a larger, more generic cultural identifier in which copper and bronze were the most common and stable metals within that culture (Bachhuber & Roberts (eds
Some have referred to this civilization as the very first link in the European chain of civilization that moved from a paleolithic culture around 800,000 BC to more advanced agriculture around 5000 BC. However, the actual relationship between the Minoans and the more ancient peoples of Crete remains unknown based on lack of adequate archaeological evidence (Bower 2010)
The Minoans were able to build and service multiple storied dwellings, at least 2-3 stories high, although the architecture seems to have been strongly influenced by the preponderance of earthquakes on the Island. From an agricultural standpoint, the Minoans were technologically sophisticated enough to raise cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, wheat, barley, chickpeas, figs, grapes, olives, poppies, lettuce, and more (Castleden 1990)
The Sea Peoples -- Largely due to a lack of archaeological data from the Sea Peoples themselves, much of the scholarship on the culture has focused on materials gleaned from other cultures of the Mediterranean with whom the Sea Peoples had contact. Modern scholars are fortunate that the Egyptians kept such detailed records on their obelisks, temples, and scrolls that we have at least somewhat of a documentary history of the Sea Peoples (Chadwick 1976)
In some areas, sub-Saharan Africa, for instance) there was really no Bronze "age," but merely a transition from Neolithic to the Iron Age. In much of the Mediterranean World, differences in the Bronze Age was the manner in which technology drove writing, or vice versa, engendering a very complex series of events that propelled advancement of culture (Champion & Megaw (eds
It is chronologically between the Stone and Iron Ages, with the Stone Age implying no ability to smelt metals, and the Iron Age the ability to manufacture artifacts using the three types of hard metal (Iron, Bronze, Copper). The distinction for societies revolves around the technological ability to perform certain tasks (Cunliffe (ed
However, when there are a series of volcanoes and earthquakes that displace populations, there typically are then migrations and raids, disputing the economic and political structure of others. However, taken in a more long-term template, iron, while inferior to bronze in many ways, was more prevalent, therefore allowed from larger armies to be equipped and a shift to a new technology ensuing (Drews 1995)
These people had enough advanced technology to navigate the Mediterranean effectively, and to raid and plunder less well defended coastal cities off Africa, the Middle East, and up into the Greek/Turkish peninsula. In fact, the Sea Peoples had sufficiently advanced weapons of war that they actually caused a great deal of havoc and damage in Ancient Egypt, all inscribed in certain temples of the time (Egyptian Accounts of the Battle of Kadesh 2003)
Surviving clay tablets are sparse, but we know they had some sort of a hieroglyphic system that may have morphed into what is known as Linear a, which then was replaced in the Mycenaean period with Linear B, an archaic version of Greek. Minoan cities were connected with paved roads, cut from bronze saws (Fitton 2002)
The importance of these tools cannot be overemphasized since their advancement contributed to the Minoan culture being able to excel in agriculture, shipbuilding, trade and mercantilism, architecture, and science. The Minoans also invented oval shaped holes in their tools with oval shaped handles, stopping the tools from spinning uncontrollably and providing more stability (Hood 1971)
While it is somewhat the "chicken and egg" argument, we can certainly see that the development of the technology of smelting also increased the development of science, mathematics, astronomy, medicine, and the more complex roles within a hierarchical society that was moving from generalization (the hunter gatherer model) to a more agricultural-based urban environment. This was certainly true for Egypt (hieroglyphics), the Near East (cuneiform) and the Mediterranean Mycenaean (Linear B) (Kristiansen & Larsson 2005)
However, recent evidence suggests that although these disasters weakened the culture, it was likely the Sea Peoples who landed on the island, burned selected buildings and palaces, and looted the civilization of the best it had to offer. Similarly, the Sea Peoples appear to have assimilated into a number of Mediterranean cultures (Parkinson & Galaty (eds
Invader hypothesis -- Invader, during the Bronze Age, meant documented attacks of unexpected origin. This hypothesis holds that the Sea Peoples were simply migratory bands from various Mediterranean locations who attacked and looted a number of areas, sometimes taking over the cities and merging cultures (Sandars 1985; Van De Mieroop 2006)
From an agricultural standpoint, the Minoans were technologically sophisticated enough to raise cattle, sheep, pigs, goats, wheat, barley, chickpeas, figs, grapes, olives, poppies, lettuce, and more (Castleden 1990). They domesticated bees, adopted pomegranates and quinces from the Near East, and developed a polyculture in which they were able to grow more than one crop at a time, significantly contributing to the health and therefore population increase of the culture (Sherratt 1981)
Supreme Court, the search and seizure protections are supposed to be extended to the Fourth Amendment of the juveniles. According to this amendment, any juvenile who has been arrested without a firm warrant should be accorded a probable cause hearing (Detrick, 1999)
They are not like adults who can engage broad thinking and involvement of varied approaches and considerations before making a structured confession. While confessing, it is crucial to consider the immediate state of the juvenile in order to ensure validation of the information relayed by the offender (Kumar, 2006)
With the coming of the amendment into full force, many juveniles were made to access provisions that were lacking initially. Moreover, adult offenders could access protections against unnecessary searches and seizures while attending court proceedings (Siegel & Welsh, 2012)
Pena argues that since at least the beginnings of the Industrial Revolution and perhaps even since urbanization itself such slums (whether in the city itself or at a remove) have been a necessary effect of "progress." Cities demand zones of exploitation (Pena 135-6)
5 million. (Sturm, 2004) The conflict came in the year 2003 as most of the travel for the client was close to his base residence, and even the client knew that the status would go down