One study reports children's quality of life to be impaired to a point comparable with children being treated for cancer." (Burberry et al
The research conducted for this account is driven by the following research question: What are the prevailing social conditions and familial habits which result in a psychological conditioning rendering children vulnerable to obesity? In the literature review to follow, the selection and analysis of sources is underscored by the knowledge that obesity and its correlated effects may be linked to such broad sociological effects as reduced overall productivity, increased medical liability, shorter life-expectancy and a worsening set of economic consequences in succeeding generations of Americans. (Finkelstein et al
Psychologists have found dietary habits learned early on can have a strong effect on adult eating patterns and, consequently, the probability of becoming overweight or obese." (Gaynon, 1) This indicates that early allowance of negative dietary habits is likely to have damning effects on a child's future psychological relationship with consumption
Depression is commonly a problem and it appears to be prospectively predicted by levels of body dissatisfaction and eating disturbance." (Thompson, 11) The reciprocal relationship between obesity and negative psychological conditions is further magnified by the quality of life issues related to obesity's considerable physical and social implications
Unit Four The multiple intelligence theory, advanced by Howard Gardner, is based on the idea that people have different strengths/profiles of intelligence and cannot therefore learn, remember, and understand in the same way. The theory is built upon seven intelligences that Gardner believes determine how well an individual is able to interact with, and understand the world -- i) linguistic intelligence, which measures a person's ability to use spoken and written language to pass a message across effectively and achieve a certain goal; ii) intrapersonal intelligence, measuring how well one is able to understand and appreciate themselves, and consequently develop life models that lead them to regulate their lives effectively; iii) interpersonal intelligence, which is concerned with one's ability to engage effectively with, and understand the perspectives of others; iv) spatial intelligence, which measures the ability to identify and make valuable use of space patterns; v) bodily-kinesthetic intelligence, measuring one's capacity to use their mental and physical abilities to solve problems; vi) musical intelligence, which measures the skill to compose musical rhythms, tones, and pitches; vii) and logical-mathematical intelligence, which assesses one's ability to carry out scientific investigations, and analyze mathematical problems logically (Smith, 2008)
There could also be resistance from school districts because of the pressure to hire additional staff to supervise the physical activity, although that pay would be eligible for federal subsidies. Overcoming Barriers "Many factors affect the policymaking process, including successful advocacy" (Brownson et al
"A little more than half of students nationwide are enrolled in a physical education class, and by high school only a third take gym class daily" (Sealey, 2013). Moreover, children are frequently unable to engage in physical activity outside of school; "if playgrounds are unsafe, parents will not let their kids play there" (Isaacs & Swartz, 2010)
Supporting Evidence Currently, many children lack the opportunity for safe and structured physical activity. "A little more than half of students nationwide are enrolled in a physical education class, and by high school only a third take gym class daily" (Sealey, 2013)
" 1999) the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey found that children of ethnic minority groups are at the highest risk of any groups for developing cardiovascular disease due to obesity. (Davis et al
com/p/articles/mi_m0887/is_4_22/ai_101497009 Johnsen, M. (2003, October 6) Drug poised as parents' partner to combat rise in childhood obesity
(Moran 1999) "Increasing physical activity and practical nutritional knowledge through education in schools or through extracurricular programs should be an obvious first step that may require legislative action." (Johnsen 2003) if the child is already overweight, a comprehensive weight management program needs to be instated
The risk of continued obesity increases if at least one parent is overweight. (Moran 1999) the cost of obesity is shared by everyone in America, even those without excess weight
com/p/articles/mi_m0887/is_4_22/ai_101497009 Johnsen, M. (2003, October 6) Drug poised as parents' partner to combat rise in childhood obesity
The aforementioned scenarios depict toxic stress and are therefore damaging to the child. The child should undergo his share of bad days or stress as they also positively contribute to the childhood development (Bornstein, 2013) In conclusion, it was seen that these years are quite crucial for the child's biological and social future
Considering the above discussion, it is clear that the seminar therefore looks into the relevance of child development in both biological and psychological means. It is relevant to see that childhood development is also an important determinant of health over the life of the child (Lazar et
It will affect the child's interest and desire to attain and grasp more educational opportunities. Furthermore, it is noted that there is a strong correlation between the adult disease outcome and educational attainment (Zigler et
Their findings also indicated that a significant number of adolescents tried to hide their stuttering because it could invite negative feedback among their peers, which in turn might lead to lowering of their self-esteem. The authors explain that the participants might be "using specific strategies to reduce/eliminate perceived stigma including: (a) comparing themselves to members of their own group rather than to a non-stigmatized group, (b) devaluing things they were not good at, or (c) attributing negative feedback to the fact that they belong to a stigmatized group rather than their own personal faults" (Blood, Blood, Tellis, & Gabel, 2003, p
). Some psychologists emphasize its importance by arguing that there is a "vital human quest" for self-esteem (Greenberg, 2008)
Incidents of childhood stutterers suffering from low self-esteem during adulthood are higher than those involving children who have no stuttering experience, although some stutterers manage to overcome their difficulties. Classic definitions of stuttering offer the following sings of it: interjections (including filled pauses), word repetitions, phrase repetitions, part-word repetitions, prolongations, broken words, incomplete phrases (abandonments), and revisions (Howell, Davis, & Williams, 2008, p
Many children perform below the average, while adolescents have difficulty in making friends of the opposite sex. When they reach adulthood, it may especially be difficult for stutterers to establish intimate relationships (Klompas & Ross, 2004)