State Department). According to a recent news article in the LA Times, Kenya also was the "largest exporter of pan-African crafts in the world" (Goffard 2012)
Jones was not only a political activist (and still is), but he was also a poet, playwright, essayist, and writer of fiction. Virtually all of his works encompass some fundamental aspect of the struggle for liberty and self-determination (Baraka, 1999, p
" Instead, she continues, that story must be told by writers. To read through this volume of Giovanni's poetry is indeed to read "the story" of the last thirty years of American life…(Giovanni, 2003, p
The vast majority of X's autobiography, of course, spanned more than his life, it detailed the history of oppression of African-Americans at the hands of America, which the following quotation proves. "One hundred million of us Black people! Your grandparents! Mine! Murdered by this white man! To get 15 million of us here to make us his slaves, on the way he murdered one hundred million! (Haley, 1965, p
White man/Makes me work all day/And I work too hard/For too little pay/Then a white man/Takes my woman away./I'll kill Old Greeley" (Hughes, 1959, p
The full political agenda of Jones which was inherently reflected in his writing, which was prone to vary during the many decades of prolific creative output he produced with his works of literature, is summarized at its most extreme from a combination piece of both essay and poem entitled, appropriately "state/meant" The Black Artists role in America is to aid in the destruction of America as he knows it. His role is to report and reflect so precisely the nature of the society, and of himself in that society, that other men will be moved by the exactness of his rendering and…grow strong through this moving…and if they are white men…go mad, because they are drenched with the filth of their own evil (Jones, 1967, p
He is never taught to see that beauty. He is taught rather not to see it, or if he does, to be ashamed of it when it is not according to Caucasian patterns (Hughes)
However, he describes the no nonsense attitude of a woman armed with a knife and a gun. …Mamie's got ma man- An' I can't find him Shake that thing! O Shake it slow (Meyers) In this poem, Hughes represents the old woman scorned image
In 1961, South Africa was forced to withdraw from the Commonwealth because of Apartheid. "In 1985 both the United Kingdom and the United States imposed selective economic sanctions on South Africa" (Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2009)
Apartheid was born in the political victory of radical white trade unions over both of their rivals. In short, this cruelly oppressive economic system was socialism with a racist face" (Hazlett, 2008)
Jacques Berlinerblau, in Heresy in the University: The Black Athena Controversy and the Responsibilities of American Intellectuals, claims that Bernal's "competitive plausibility is the solvent of academic orthodoxy- a perfect vehicle for his takeover of the status quo." (Berlinerblau) in other words, the fact that Bernal does not need physical evidence but relies on the rhetorical arguments that support his theory is a way to destroy the ingrained view of scholars and open up the discussion to new ideas
Instead, Bernal believes the writers of the Late Bronze Age, such as the playwrights "Aeschylus and Euripides, the historian Heroditus and Diodorus Siculus, the orator Isocrates, the guidebook writer Pausanias, and the Mythographers Apollodorus, Palaiphatos, and Konon," who all made references to the Egyptian and Phoenician origins of their culture. (Bernal "Introduction: Black Athena Writes Back") Bernal asserts that because it was commonly believed in the Ancient World that Greek civilization had its origins in Egyptian and Phoenician cultures, the modern world should accept the wisdom of those who lived at the time
" (Bernal "Introduction: Black Athena Writes Back") Bernal even goes so far as to claim that the name "Athena," which according to linguists does not have an Indo-European origin, actually comes from the Egyptian word "Ht Nt, [or] 'house of Neit'." (Lefkowitz "Ancient History, Modern Myths") According to Bernal, Western scholarship accepted the Egyptian and Phoenician origins of Greek civilization until the beginning of the 19th century, when the discovery that ancient Greek was actually a member of the Indo-European family of languages spurred the racially charged hypothesis that Greek culture was the result of "white" Indo-Europeans migrating from the north
E…. is both more gradual and more passive: it allows for a two way exchange -- Egyptian and Semitic influence on Greece, and Greek influence on Egypt and the Eastern Mediterranean (Lefkowitz 3)
West African Economic and Monetary Union (WAEMU) has in place plans for the development of a single currency. With implementations of these proposals, the region will benefit greatly from increased volume of trade, free movement of factors of production, and limited currency exchange (SY, 2006, pg 15)
Slave trade, imperialism, and colonialism were often the vehicles driving most of the encounters." (Lewis, 1999) Considering the African diaspora experience with racial oppression, it is hardly surprising to find that its various communities are also united by a concern for liberation and freedom
Thus, these African communities, despite the cultural variations and political and other divisions among them, share an emotional bond with one another and with their ancestral continent and who also, regardless of their location face broadly similar problems in constructing and realizing themselves. Since the African Diaspora communities in the United States are largely descended from the estimated eleven to twelve million African slaves who were brought into the country between the fifteenth and nineteenth century (Palmer, 2000), it can be inferred that racial oppression has strongly affected the life and culture of these communities
looked at the feasibility of women-focused interventions in the African-American community, specifically the Women's CoOp program, as adapted for pregnant women. When they entered into treatment, these pregnant women experienced a host of complicating issues including: homelessness, unemployment, practicing unsafe sex, and involvement in violence (Hendree et al
S. adolescents and youth, the location and method of testing used during their last HIV testing, and compared those who had been tested with those who had not been tested (Inungu et al
Muturi and an looked at how cultural factors might contribute to higher HIV prevalence in African-American communities. It noted that African-American women are disproportionately impacted by HIV / AIDS, accounting for 67% of all women diagnosed with HIV (Muturi & an, 2010)